FRIEDMAN, Circuit Judge. The principal issue in this immigration appeal is whether the record supports the immigration judge’s determination that the marriage of a male non-citizen alien to a female American citizen was a sham, entered into to enable the alien to remain in the United States. The alien also challenges various aspects of the proceedings before the immigration judge. Based on her rulings, the immigration judge ordered the alien removed from the United States. The Board of Immigration Appeals upheld that decision, and we DENY the petition for review.